According to the summary section that recorded the main points of the above thesis, “In Korea, Seokchanpo and Gyeson were referred to as A. gramineus, and S. calamus and Calamus were referred to, but it has been confirmed that they have been used interchangeably.”It is curious why the mixed use that was not pointed out in the Chinese literature is why only our old texts are pointed out, but he quoted us that in our old texts, Seokcalpo and Gyeson refer to A. Let's take a look through his analysis of the main literature and the literature.However, in the prescription for individual diseases in 『Hyangyakjipseongbang』, in addition to the name '菖蒲' (iris), the name '石菖蒲' (Seokchangpo) is separately recorded in Chinese characters.Also, in the section of 「Jinam Chongron」, which describes the preparation of medicinal herbs in 『Hyangyakjipseongbang』, regarding irises, “凡使採石上生者, 根條嫩黃緊硬節稠,者, 是眞也 .” (Iris is harvested from those grown on stones, the roots are Jericho, the light is yellow, and there are many hard nodes. One cun long and 9 nodes are the real thing).Since current irises (A. calamus) are mainly grown in ponds in the lowlands, it is possible that the current iris (A. high.The above botanist quoted some of the contents of '菖蒲' (iris) in 『Donguibogam』 (red text above) and said, “There are two kinds of irises in 『Donguibogam』, but the iris that grows in valleys in the mountains is the current A. gramineus. The iris with distinct veins would be today's calamus (A. calamus), and the spear and hand would be today's A. gramineus." is analyzed.First of all, there are not two kinds (?) recorded under the title of '菖蒲' (irises) in 「tangaekpyeon」 of 『Donguibogam』.Although the title is '菖蒲' (Iris), there is 'Sung iris' that grows along the valleys in the mountains and is used medicinally and has spines. There are '泥菖' and '夏菖' (Hachang), which are grown in wetlands and are not used as medicine, and '水菖' (water spear) and '蓀' (hand) without backbone are used. It is recorded that there isIncluding the name of iris, there are as many as seven plant names.But why two types?If 'kind' is the meaning of species in modern botanical taxonomy, it is a botanical encyclopedia based on botanical taxonomy based on the botanical taxonomy of 『Donguibogam』, an old herbal study book, without any basis.The title '菖蒲' (iris) is the genus Acorus, and it is a recognition that there is a species called A. calamus and a species called A. gramineus within it.However, there is no evidence anywhere in 『Donguibogam』 that the title of '菖蒲' = genus Acorus is correct, and the name of 7 types of plants is mentioned in 「Tangaekpyeon」 of 『Donguibogam』.These are only the unique claims and perceptions of the above botanists.For reference, as we have seen earlier, in China, the genealogy that is said to have purple flowers was also recognized as a kind of iris and discussed, and that lineage was recorded in 『Donguibogam』 under the name of '蓀(son)'.Next, the summary that “the calamus that grows in the valleys in the mountains will be today’s A. gramineus, and the calamus with clear veins will be today’s A. calamus” is even bizarre.In 『Donguibogam』, 『Tangaekpyeon』 contains the Korean name 'Sengchangpo' under the title of '菖蒲' (iris) and describes the ecology of the plant as "生山中石澗沙磧上其葉中心有脊"(Sand in the mountains) It grows on piles).In other words, the above sentence is composed of both the fact that it grows in a rock crevice in the mountains and that it has a spine in the middle of the leaf, all referring to a single plant, 'Sengchaengpo'. A. A strange interpretation of being calamus is made.Irrespective of whether this 'sengchappo' refers to today's A. calamus or A. gramineus, it is not necessary to read the first part as A. gramineus and the latter as A. calamus, even though the meaning of the sentence is clear.浚, 1539~1615) is an arbitrary interpretation beyond what was described.This is contrary to the method of literary interpretation, which is the basis of interpretation.Also, the above botanist presumes that the spear and hand of 『Donguibogam』 are A. gramineus, but this is also strange.『Donguibogam』「tangaekpyeon」 only mentions that the leaves are similar to irises or chives, but are 'no good' (very) or '無劍脊' (very) about spears and hands.The above botanist saw that it is the same as 'a distinct midrib' used to distinguish between A. calamus and A. gremineus as a species-identifying trait within a genus in current plant taxonomy.By the way, the part related to succulents in 『tangaekpyeon』 of 『Donguibogam』 is a quotation from 『Distilled Herb』 of the Song Dynasty in China, and the part related to the hand (蓀) is from 『Stagesimbeop』(1481) from the Yuan Dynasty in China. .These were all plants that were not used as medicinal plants according to at least the main documents in 『Distilled Herbs』 and 『Bonchogangmok』, as discussed in Chinese literature.However, the above botanist argues that it is A. gramineus (national name: Seokchangpo), which is used medicinally for spearmint and hand, which does not match the records of the literature.In addition, medicines for individual ailments were recorded in 『Inner Gyeongpyeon』, 『Outer Appearance』, and 『Japbyeongpyeon』 of 『Donguibogam』. Only '石菖蒲' (Seokchangpo) has been recorded, but '水菖' (water spear) and '蓀' (hand) are nowhere to be found except in 'Tangaekpyeon'.In other words, 『Donguibogam』 does not record the use of spears and hands as medicinal plants.The fact that A. gramineus (Seokchangpo) has been used as a medicine since ancient times is common in many folk records and acknowledged in the above botanist's papers.As we will see below, in the 「Toothpaste」 section of 『Forest Economics』, it is recorded that '水菖' (Suchang) is not used as a medicine.However, how can the spear and hand of 「The Tang Awakening」 of 『Donguibogam』 be called A. gramineus?At this point, let's take a look at the concept of '脊' (cheok) recorded in 『Donguibogam』.Our old literature did not define '脊' (cheok) separately as in China.However, about '水菖' and '蓀' (hand), which were recorded as '無脊' (very: no spine), our literature, including Donguibogam, did not record plants used as medicinal plants.In this regard, our old literature also shows that the concept of 'no-脊' (very) is not a trait to identify a species in the current genus Acorus, but rather a place around the time (May) when the roots used for medicinal purposes are harvested (May). It can be seen that the term was used to distinguish the types of plants that are not used as medicinal plants because they are similar to those of the genus Acorus with only the roots and leaves.In other words, contrary to the botanist's argument above, the '脊' recorded in 『Donguibogam』 is also not very different from the old Chinese literature, and 'a distinct midrib' (a distinct midrib), which is a species-identifying trait in the present genus Acorus. ) is not consistent with the concept.Also, it is clear that if the spear and the hand are plants of the genus Calamus or similar, '無脊' (very) cannot be translated as 'without leaf veins'.To summarize, (i) the title of '菖蒲' (iris) of 『Donguibogam』 and 『Taengaekpyeon』 records the names of seven types of plants and uses irises ('irises' in a broad sense) as a concept that encompasses them, (ii) ) In 「Tangakpyeon」 of 『Donguibogam』, both the Korean name 'Seengchaengpo' and the Chinese character name '菖蒲' (iris; narrow meaning 'iris') were regarded as having spine bones, and in the medicinal herbs for individual diseases. As medicinal plants, '石菖蒲' and '菖蒲' (iris) were recorded to record the use of these two types as medicinal plants, and (iii) '菖蒲' (iris) in 「Tangaekpyeon」 of 『Donguibogam』 As a kind belonging to the family, water spears and hands were regarded as having no spine bones, but they were not used as medicinal plants because they were not recorded in the medicinal parts for individual diseases. Regarding 'Seungchaengpo', it was characterized as growing in stone crevices in mountain valleys, having roots 1 chon 9 (or 12 verses), and having spine bones on leaves. It is more consistent with the ecology of A. gramineus.The phrase immediately after 『Gieon』 shows that this is not the case.Reading along with the phrase at the back, I don't know much about the genus, so I wrote this to ask Jeong Oe (鄭頠), who is of a similar age who knows plants well.The content is read as a kind of A. gramineus (national name: Seokchangpo) in that it is evergreen, but it cannot be regarded as A. gramineus (national name: Seokchangpo) in that it is not used as a medicine.Saying 'not so' (very) does not mean that there are no leaf veins, and when interpreted in relation to 『Donguibogam』 and 『Srimgyeok』, it also means that it is not a plant belonging to the genus Acorus, whose leaves are angled in a v shape.'石菖蒲' (Seokchanpo), which is said to have been planted in an earthenware pot, in the first part of the sentence, is not to grow relatively large A. calamus in that way, so it may correspond to the current A. gramineus. It is highly probable, and the subsequent descendants are also recorded as other plants distinct from Seokchangpo.In the analysis of 『Forest Economy』, the above botanist suggests based on the completely baseless dogma of today's A. calamus if only '有脊' (remnants).However, in the 「Toothpaste」 section of 『Forest Economic』, it is written as “生山中石澗沙磧上” (grows on the sand piles in the crevices of the mountains), and this phrase quotes the Chinese 『Distilled Herb』. This is the same phrase that appears in 『Donguibogam』.As the above botanist saw earlier, when analyzing 『Donguibogam』, he said that it would be today’s A. gramineus (national name: Seokchangpo) because it ‘grows in a valley in the mountains. ), it is analyzed that the title is probably the current calamus (A. calamus).This self-contradictory analysis also disproves that '有脊' used as a dogma is not a standard for discriminating A. gramineus and A. calamus in the old literature.Meanwhile, in 『Forest Economic』, the names '菖蒲' and '石菖蒲' (Seokchanpo) are used in addition to the 『Yanghwa』, which discusses how to grow flowers, and the 『Toothpaste』, which deals with medicinal materials. , 「Registration」(攝生) about eating, 「Moping」(牧養) about animal husbandry, 「First Aid」 for treating acute diseases, and 「Byulchung」(辟蟲) for catching pests , and appears in several places, including the "Bokgo" (卜居) section about the place to live.However, Hong Man-seon (洪萬選, 1643-1715), the author of 『Forest Economic』, linked the title of '石菖蒲' (Seokchangpo) in the 『Yanghwa』 to the 『Toothpaste』 section about its appearance and variety, and In the "Toothpaste" section, under the title of '石菖蒲' (Seokchangpo), the planting method is linked to the Yanghwa (養花) section, and the eating method is linked to the "Registration" section.In other words, Hong Man-seon recorded '石菖蒲' (Seokchangpo) in 「Yanghwa」(養花), 「Toothpaste」(治藥) and 「Seopsaeng」(攝生) as the same plant.However, the above botanist, without any rational explanation or basis for this, based solely on '脊' (chuck), calling the sagebrush in the 「Yanghwa (養flower)」 section A. gramineus, and the Seokchangpo of the 「Toothpaste (治藥) section as A. They are called calamus and placed on different plants.This shows how arbitrary his way of reading old literature is.However, in the 「Toothpaste」 section of 『Forest Economy』, there is an important phrase about succulents.This is the record of “水菖葉相似而但中心不脊 不堪入藥” (Succulents have similar leaves, but there is no spine in the center and cannot be put into medicine).The botanist above goes without mentioning this phrase, but it is understood that he referred to A. gramineus on the basis of 'nothing' (very) in light of what he said in 『Donguibogam』.However, it can be seen that A. gramineus is a plant used as an important medicinal plant in Korea, so its standards and interpretations do not match folk reality at all.The above botanist quoted the above phrase from Yuhui's 『Mulmyunggo』 in the 1820s (the red text is his quote) and said, “The stone calamus of 『Mulmyunggo』 is today’s A. calamus, and the hand is today. of A. gramineus, and the iris is presumed to refer to the genus Acorus.”This analysis reveals the botanist's thinking about the names of plants in the old literature.The botanist above said that '菖蒲' (Iris) in the title refers to several types, so it is considered to be the same as Acorus in the modern botanical taxonomy.However, if the botanical names in the old literature are classified and recognized from the perspective of how they are useful to humans, plant taxonomy treated as a science is the study of plants from the point of view of the relationship between plants, so the two cannot be treated as the same. argument that is overlooked.As we saw earlier, 『Hunmongjahoe』 in the early Joseon Dynasty also understood 菖蒲 (iris) as a kind of 'budeul', and '蒲' (po) in the name reflects such thoughts and perceptions.As seen in Chinese literature and folklore, '溪蓀' (Gyeson, or 蓀) is a plant with purple flowers that is not related at all to the present genus Acorus. and discussed it.The recognition that the recognition of plants in the old literature is the same as that of the modern plant taxonomy is that, without any rational basis for the above botanist, the '脊' of the old literature is a distinct midrib, a species-identifying trait within the genus Acorus, in modern plant taxonomy. It gives endless self-suggestions that (clear midrib) is the same concept.Accordingly, it is instructed to identify and understand the plants of the old literature based on '脊' (cheok).However, as in other previous literatures, this view of the botanist was expressed in the '石菖蒲(Seokchangpo)' recorded in 『Mulmyeonggo』, ​​but there is also the expression '有劍脊' It makes us forget that there is also the expression (grows between stones in the water).Although distribution in stony (or rock crevices) in the water is not used as a direct trait for species identification in modern taxonomy, when observed from an ecological perspective, it is currently This is a description of the ecological characteristics of A. gramineus.The above botanist, who is aware of this point, considers this ecological characteristic in some place, looking at the plant within a sentence as A. gramineus, and calling it A. calamus for the '有脊' (derived) after it. analysis leads to contradictory conclusions.Recalling the above botanist's analysis of the records of Donguibogam, his own contradictions and inconsistencies are clearly revealed.Since the above document records only the names of '菖蒲' or '石菖蒲' (Seokchangpo) and there is no separate description of the plant form, it is clear that it is not easy to identify the species according to the current taxonomy of plants.However, the above Hangeul name is also an important data that can give a glimpse of the ancient people's perception of 石菖蒲(Seokchangpo).In other words, among plants recognized as various types of irises, it was recognized that 石菖蒲 (Seokiris), which was regarded as a priority while being used as a medicinal plant, grows in 'Dolseo-ri' (between stones) and 'Dolbat' (stone fields).This is consistent with the current ecology of A. gramineus.Of course, the botanist above only takes the presence or absence of '脊' (cheok) as an important and direct criterion for identification, regardless of whether it grows on a rocky field or near a swampy pond.However, the current A. gramineus is different from the ecology of Seokchangpo because it mainly grows in the crevices of rocks in the valleys of the southern region.How should these records be understood?First, the current iris (A. gramineus) was used as the main medicine, but there is a possibility that the current iris (A. calamus) distributed nationwide was used as a substitute (as we will see later, iris is still used medicinally as a substitute for iris) also do).As another possibility, the Chinese Song Dynasty 『Bonchodogyeong』 wrote about '石菖蒲' (Seokchangpo) as "人多植於乾燥砂石土中" ​​(People plant it in dry sand or rocky soil), and we In the old documents 『Dongguk Yisanggukjip』 and 『Yanghwasorok』 recorded the planting of the present Seokchangpo (A. gramineus), and in 『Yewonji』 of 『Imwonkyeokji』, “石菖蒲今人多植之乾燥沙石土中Considering that it is recorded that “(Seokchanpo is currently planted in dry sand or rocky soil), A. gramineus may have been planted and cultivated nationwide.It is not clear which possibility (or both) the above record originated from, but in the old days, when no measures were taken to unify the names of plants and their contents, as in the present, mixtures and mixtures of different plants are often found.In 『Dongguk Ideal Gukjip』(1241), written by Lee Gyubo (李奎報, 1168-1241) during the Goryeo Dynasty, there is a poem called '案中三詠' (An Jung Samyoung; Recites the Three on the Desk). .The first poem of this poem is '小盆石菖蒲' (small analytic iris; stone iris planted in a small pot).Although this poem describes that green leaves are not suitable for fertile soil, it is difficult to identify the exact species because there are no records of other distinguishing traits.However, if the stone calamus mentioned in 'Small analysis iris' in the 『Dongguk Ideal Gukjip』 had grown the plant of the genus Acorus, it is now rather than A. calamus in light of the size of the plant and its ecological characteristics. It can be presumed that it refers to A. gramineus ofAgain, it is difficult to identify an accurate species because it does not fully describe the exact identification trait.However, the description of its ecology is the closest to the current A. gramineus among the plants of the genus A. gramineus, and even today, A. gramineus is a plant planted for herbaceous bonsai or indoor landscaping. Refer to 'Seokchangpo' in 'Secondary Knowledge Information System').Therefore, since the record of 『Yanghwasorok』 is more detailed than 『Dongguk Ideal Gukjip』(1241), it can be more strongly presumed that it refers to the present-day Seokchangpo (A. gramineus).In addition, in the 「Yanghwa」 section of 『Forest Economics』, it is recorded that sukchanpo grown in pots - the very same stone chanterelle that is very strongly presumed to be present-day A. gramineus - is used medicinally as '石菖蒲' (Seokchanpo).And, as we have seen earlier, in the 「Toothpaste」 section of 『Santrim Economic』, about '石菖蒲' (Seokchanpo) used as a medicinal material, "生山中石澗沙磧上其葉中心有脊 狀如劍刃"(stone crevice in the mountains) It grows on piles of sand, and its leaves have spines in the middle and are like blades of a knife).In other words, it is strongly presumed to be present-day A. gramineus even if it is excavated.Looking at this, it is clear that the word '有脊' (an ancient one) does not necessarily refer to the present calamus (A. calamus).It is also clear that '脊' is by no means the same as the concept of 'a distinct midrib' used as a species-identifying trait in the present genus Acorus.The above botanist will argue that '蓀' (hand) is very (no body), so it is present-day A. gramineus, and '石菖蒲' (seok-calamus) at this time refers to present-day iris (A. calamus).However, as we have seen several times before, there is no rational basis for saying that '脊' (Chuck) recognized plants according to the identification traits of current plant taxonomy as it is in the old literature, and such an interpretation would rather contradict the records of our old literature. just do itMoreover, there is no record of using '蓀' (hand) as a medicine in our literature, only records that say it is not used as a medicine.Therefore, it can be presumed that '蓀' (hand) also refers to a plant that resembles the current Acorus plant, but cannot be used for medicinal purposes or other purposes in the above literature.On the other hand, in 『Shinjajeon』, it was seen as a kind of orchid, and in many old Chinese poems including 『Dongguk Ideal Gukjip』, the name '蘭蓀' (Nanson) appears.Here, it can be seen that '蓀' (hand) is regarded as a type of orchid for iris, and the comparison with iris has disappeared.It is also a record that makes it difficult to understand '蓀' (hand) as the current A. gramineus.- 『Korean Pharmacopoeia and Herbal Medicines Specifications』 (Ministry of Food and Drug Safety Notice No. 2020-73, revised on Aug. 25, 2020): Acori Graminei Rhizoma This drug is Acorus gramineus Solander (Cheonnamseong and Araceae) is the root of- 『Korean Herbal Encyclopedia』(Gyohaksa, 2014): Root of Acorus gramineus Soland.The root of the calamus Acorus calamus Linnne is used medicinally instead.- 『National Species Knowledge Information System』 (National Arboretum, 2021): Seokchangpo Acorus gramineus Sol.The rhizome is 石菖蒲, the leaf is 菖蒲葉, and the flower is 石菖蒲花(Stone iris flower) [medical use.] Iris Acorus calamus L.To summarize the above, it can be seen that A. gramineus among plants of the genus Acorus in Korea is used medicinally under the name of Seok Calamus, and according to some literatures, it can be seen that A. calamus is used as a substitute.In particular, the 『Korean Pharmacopoeia Non-Oriental Herbal Medicine (Herbal Medicine) Standards』 is a law that the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety analyzes ingredients for the safe distribution of herbal medicines and announces the species that can be used as medicines by law.According to this, a plant of the genus Acorus used medicinally under the name of shiitake is A. gramineus (national name: seokchangpo).First of all, the botanist above said, “According to the part mentioned in 『Donguibogam』, A. gramineus, which Mori incorrectly called as Seokchanpo, has no leaf veins and is called Seokchanpo without reviewing the scientific name and the name of the country. It seems to have been used as a better medicine than calamus).”The current oriental medicine use of seokchangpo () as a medicinal material was not made by synthesizing our tradition, pharmacological analysis, and various clinical results, but in the book “Tamezo Mori, a Japanese author during the Japanese colonial period (1884-1962). It is said that this happened because of the record of the Joseon Plant Myeonghwi (1922).As we will see later, it is difficult to view the record of iris and stone iris in Tamezo Mori's 『Joseon Plant Myeonghui』 as an error.However, the claim that Damezo Mori's record originated from error is asserted, as mentioned earlier, despite the fact that records of A. calamus and A. gramineus in our old literature exist extensively in almost all fields. And it is the idea that our ancestors all did nothing and followed what the Japanese wrote and have come to this day.Aren't we demeaning ourselves according to the theory of heteronomy that the Japanese imperialized during the Japanese colonial period?If not, how on earth are we to understand these claims?In addition, the botanist above is citing the wrong paper in a bizarre way, claiming that “Recently, not only A. gramineus but also A. calamus are all used medicinally (Jo et al., 2013)”.“(Jo et al., 2013)” cited by the above botanist is a paper in Cho et al., 「Classification and Content Analysis of Calamus using UPLC-PDA」, 『Korean Journal of Plant Sciences』 Vol. 45 No. 3 (2013) will sayThe main contents of this paper are as follows.“Seokchangpo used in oriental medicine originated from A. gramineus Solander from the Korean Pharmacopoeia (KHP) and Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JHP), and from A. tatarinowii Schott from the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (CP). defined as a species.However, since the amount of domestic iris cultivars distributed in the market is small, Chinese iris is mainly imported and replaced. Although irises have a higher above-ground portion than stone irises and have elongated leaves, thick roots, and few nodes, it is difficult to distinguish them because they are sliced ​​and distributed due to the characteristics of herbal medicines.Also, Anemone altaica Fisher (*Original of Altaica anemone), also called Gujeol iris, is misunderstood and used as a luxury product of stone irises.As such, stone iris is a herbal medicine that is highly likely to be distributed or misused together with Chinese stone iris, iris, and gujeol iris, which are of different origin species…(syncopation)…Through the results of this experiment, it was possible to clearly distinguish between stone iris, Chinese stone iris, iris and gujeol iris, and it is expected that it can be applied to the quality evaluation of stone iris.”First of all, it should be pointed out that the above botanist himself admits to using A. gramineus (national name: Seokchangpo) as a medicinal agent. It is believed to be the origin plant of the old name '石菖蒲' (Seokchangpo).Reference (7): Pharmacopoeia refers to a set of standards for the proper preparation, properties, performance, quality, and storage methods for important medicines used in medicine. .In Korea, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety has jurisdiction over it based on the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act.For reference, as mentioned above, the current 'Chinese Botanical Journal' (including English and Chinese editions) classifies A. tatarinowii by integrating it with A. gramineus, and it seems that this content has not been reflected in the 『Chinese Pharmacopoeia』 (ChP).Then, of course, in the 「Toothpaste」 section of 『Forest Economic』, take note of the phrase “水菖葉相似而但中心不脊 不堪入藥” (The leaves of irises are similar to those of irises, but they do not have spine bones. They cannot be put into medicine). You should have seen it, and if you saw it, at least the '水菖' of the 「Toothpaste」 section of 『Forest Economy』 is not A. gramineus, which is used as a medicine.And we would have known that our current view of oriental medicine was not simply that A. gramineus was used as a medicinal herb without any review after the record of 『Joseon Plant Myunghwi』 by Damezo Mori, a botanist during the Japanese colonial period. Of course, the botanist above Such a pharmacopoeia has no significance to them.This is because pretending to know if you look closely is 'a distinct midrib' of modern plant taxonomy.In addition, the above cited thesis states that A. calamus is used as a substitute (!) in the private sector, but it is difficult to distinguish if the root of the medicinal herb is cut into slices and distributed. published as a thesis.Also, it is stated that using A. calamus as a medicine corresponds to a 'false product' (僞品; fake product) because it is a different species of origin.However, these papers are understood by the botanist as the basis for using A. calamus as a medicine, and thus the above argument is being made.